Go 101 articles mainly focus on syntax and semantics in Go. There are some other Go related topics which are not covered in Go 101. The remaining of the current article will make simple introductions to those topics and provide some web links for readers to dig more into them.
go test
command in Go Toolchain to run tests and benchmarks.
Test source file names must end with _test.go
.
Go Toolchain also supports profiling Go programs.
Please read the following articles for more details.
gccgo is another Go compiler maintained by the Go core team.
It is mainly used to verify the correctness of the standard Go compiler (gc).
We can use the -compiler=gccgo
build option in several Go Toolchain
commands to use the gccgo compiler instead of the gc compiler.
For example, go run -compiler=gccgo main.go
.
This option requires the gccgo program is installed.
Once the gccgo program is installed,
we can also use the gccgo
command directly to compile Go code.
Go functions can be implemented with Go assembly language. Go assembly language is a cross-architectures (though not 100%) assembly language. Go assembly language is often used to implement some functions which are critical for Go program execution performances.
GOOS
and GOARCH
environments
before running the go build
command,
we can build a Windows executable on a Linux machine, and vice versa.
Please read the following articles for details.
It is possible to use C++ libraries through cgo by wrapping C++ libraries as C functions.
Please note that using cgo in code may make it is hard to maintain cross-platform compatibility of Go programs, and the calls between Go and C code are some less efficient than Go-Go and C-C calls.
We can use build constraints
to let compilers build source files selectively.
A build constraint is also called a build tag.
A build constraint can appear as a comment line like // +build constraints
or appear as the suffix in the base name of a source file.
The standard Go compiler supports several
compiler directives.
A directive appears as a comment line like //directive args
.
The most used compiler directive in practice may be the
go:generate directive.
We can make system calls by call the functions exported by the
syscall
standard package.
Please beware that, different from other standard packages,
the functions in the syscall
standard package are operating system dependent.
go/*
Standard Packages
The go/*
standard packages provide functionalities of
parsing Go source files, which are very useful to write custom Go tools.
Please read go/types
: The Go Type Checker
and package documentation for how to use these packages.
The go build
command in Go Toolchain supports several build modes.
Please run go help buildmode
to show the available build modes
or read the explanations for -buildmode option instead.
Except the default build mode, the most used build mode may be the plugin build mode.
We can use the functions in the plugin
standard package
to load and use the Go plugin files outputted by using the plugin build mode.