SVG

Yes, SVG can be rendered and animated.

Should you do it? Probably not. You're better off using a dedicated SVG lib and inserting the resulting element into your template.

http://snapsvg.io/
https://jonobr1.github.io/two.js/
http://andreaferretti.github.io/paths-js-demo/
https://connoratherton.com/walkway
http://maxwellito.github.io/vivus/

MathML

Yes, MathML works but not in Chrome because Chrome doesn't support MathML. They think you should use MathJax instead.